The moderating effects of absorption in facilitating recall in the cognitive interview
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Dregne, Amanda Gabrielle.
The moderating effects of absorption in facilitating recall in the cognitive interview. Retrieved from
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TitleThe moderating effects of absorption in facilitating recall in the cognitive interview
Date Created2011
Date Issued2011
Other Date2011-10 (degree)
Extentvi, 63 p. : ill.
DescriptionThe Cognitive Interview (hereafter, CI) was created with the weaknesses associated with a standard police interview in mind (Geiselman, Fisher, Hutton, Sullivan, Avetissian, & Prosk, 1984). Ineffective tactics such as interrupting a witness, asking leading questions, and asking closed-ended questions are absent from the CI. Instead, the CI builds on Tulving’s (1974) idea that there are several retrieval paths to memory for an event. The CI utilizes a number of mnemonics to help facilitate recall. These include, reinstatement of the context, reporting everything, recalling events in a different order, and changing perspectives. The CI employs techniques similar to interviews involving a hypnotic induction (e.g., reinstating the context), while at the same time avoiding some of the pitfalls involved in hypnosis. Examples of the problems inherent in hypnotically enhanced interviews include an increase in confabulations and error rates (Diamond, 1980) and an increased likelihood of viewing distorted memories as accurate (Orne, 1961; Sheehan & Tilden, 1983). In addition, the CI avoids some of the legal problems which surround the use of hypnosis (Geiselman, Fisher, MacKinnon, and Holland, 1985a). Past research has shown a link between a trait known as absorption (openness to experience) and hypnosis (Glisky, Tataryn, Tobias, Kihlstrom, & McConkey, 1991; Roche & McConkey, 1990). Given the similarities between hypnosis and the CI, it was expected there would be a similar correlation between performance on the CI and the moderator variable Absorption. A week following watching a short video, participants were administered either a Cognitive Interview or Structured Interview (control interview) to measure recall in a second recall interview. Contrary to past research, the CI and SI were not significantly different in the number of correct details they produced. Consistent with previous research, equal levels of accuracy were found in the CI and SI conditions. The SI elicited slightly more incorrect and confabulated details than the CI. Although the study failed to replicate the superiority of the CI, correlational findings indicated that absorption was correlated with correct details in Recall 2 in the CI condition. A relationship between correct details recalled and absorption was not found in the control condition.
NoteM.A.
NoteIncludes bibliographical references (p. 59-63)
Noteby Amanda Gabrielle Dregne
Genretheses, ETD graduate
Languageeng
CollectionCamden Graduate School Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Organization NameRutgers, The State University of New Jersey
RightsThe author owns the copyright to this work.